The project analyses renewable energy value chains in Lebanon. Based on a literature review and interviews on the ground, the most important technologies for Lebanon will be selected against the background of future viability, value for money and employment potential and a data-driven value added and employment analysis will be carried out for them.
The aim of the energy transition is to transform the energy system into a climate-friendly system and at the same time to phase out nuclear energy while guaranteeing a more secure, economic and environmentally friendly energy supply. The increase of energy efficiency and the expansion of renewable energy are essential components. While clear and measurable indicators with quantified goals and intermediate targets are defined in the energy concept for the fields of efficiency (annual increase in final energy productivity by 2.1 %), renewable energy (increase to 60 % of gross final energy consumption by 2050) and climate protection (40 % GHG reduction by 2020; at least 80 % to 95 % by 2050), this is not the case for the economic dimension. Measuring the macroeconomic effects of the energy transition therefore is much more difficult from a methodological point of view.
Against this background, a consortium consisting of the Institute of Economic Structures Research (GWS), German Institute for Economic Research (DIW), German Aerospace Center (DLR), Prognos AG and Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (Fraunhofer ISI) has carried out a research project on the macroeconomic and distributional effects of the energy transition on behalf of the BMWi from July 2015 to November 2018. The project is divided into six work packages, summarized at www.bmwi.de/Redaktion/EN/Artikel/Energy/investment-growth-and-jobs.
On the basis of a brief systematization of the effects at the beginning of the project in work package (WP) 1, the concept of national energy accounts has been further developed in WP 2). On the one hand, it covers the macroeconomic costs of energy supply. On the other hand, key parameters such as investment and employment are determined for the comprehensively defined energy sector (so-called gross effects). Reduced energy imports are also assessed.
WP 3 deals with the development of a counterfactual scenario, which describes a world without energy transition for the analysis period 2000 to 2050, and a target scenario in which the goals of the Federal Government are achieved. By comparing the target scenario with the counterfactual world, the net effects of the energy transition are determined both ex post and ex ante in macroeconomic model analyses. In WP 4, the distributional effects of energy policy are further classified by their significance. Issues of personal income distribution and the regional effects of the energy transition are examined in depth. Additional advantages of the energy transition are identified alongside other work steps in WP 5. In WP 6, possible bottlenecks of the energy transition are discussed against the background of the good economic development in Germany.
The aim of the project is to develop a tool that enables the contracting entities (RCREEE) and the Egyptian stakeholders to assess employment through the expansion of renewable energies and by increasing energy efficiency. The tool is based on the Egyptian input-output table and regionalized labor coefficients for renewable energy and energy efficiency measures. Together with the Egyptian partners, strategies and quality criteria for data collection are developed. Stakeholder workshops and training events complete the project.
The aim of the project is the development of an analytical tool to assess the gains and losses of possible state programs supporting the development of the private sector of the Tajik economy.
By using the Tajik Input-Output table and employment data, the approach allows to analyze the effects on production and employment. During an on-site workshop, the client is trained in input-output analysis. Furthermore, the tool is developed together with the participants and used for real-life problems. An user-interface facilitates the operation of the tool.
On behalf of GIZ, the project is conducted jointly by Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) and the Institute of Economic Structures Reserach (GWS).
Based on an overview of current costs of manufacturing vehicles in the major global auto markets it is analyzed how major trends in each market are likely to affect these costs through time. The project is led by Ricardo AEA. Different pricing strategies and international comparativeness are analyzed to understand how well positioned the various markets are and how the EU auto industry could best position itself to take advantage of these global trends and ensure that it maintains or grows its market share in the future. The model GINFORS_E will be applied to develop different scenarios of global automotive market development until 2030 and beyond to quantify opportunities for EU manufacturers.
In order to successfully implement climate protection in key areas, such as energy, industry, transport, households, trade / commerce / services, agriculture, forestry and waste management, a wide range of goods and services is needed. This range has grown substantially in recent years. Several studies have confirmed the German economy is highly competitive in the field of climate protection goods and technologies. Currently, the diverse opportunities resulting from climate change are overlooked in the discussion focusing mainly on costs. These opportunities include the positive impact on employment and overall economic benefits, as well as imports reduced. The study analyses these opportunities and presents in a format open to public discussion.
Distributional effects of climate mitigation and energy transition policies have to be analysed precisely to prevent negative impacts on low income groups and increase public acceptance. It is important to highlight benefits of the energy transition while discussing the energy price design. GWS will quantify effects of policy options developed by project partners in work package 3. The project is lead by adelphi research, Berlin. Further project partner are Green Budget Germany (FÖS) and the research center for sustainable development and climate policy.
Business start-up activities should be a catalyst for innovation and employment within the energy transition. The GWS together with the Renewable Energy Agency on behalf of the Hessen Agentur investigate on how the start-up activities in the energy sector have developed. Special focus is on the fields of climate protection and electric mobility in recent years. The purpose is to capture trends in the state of Hesse and to understand specific challenges and barriers to business start-ups in these particular business fields. To achieve this quantitative analysis is performed and interviews are conducted with institutions and start-ups.
The energy transition is a long-term transformation of the German energy system. With the time horizon the probability of rare and unforeseen, but powerful incidents increases. In the project the impact of these kinds of black swans on the energy transition are analyzed. The focus is on different risk categories (economy, policy, climate and environment, infrastructure etc.) applying qualitative (ia.a expert interviews) and quantitative methods. Political and economic options for reaction and preventation are identified and assessed.
Three years after the decisions for the energy transition estimates on goal-achievment of energy policy and their effects on value added and employment are available at the national level. The question of how the energy transition affects individual federal states and spread the observable and measurable economic effects in the region is largely unanswered. This question will pursue the question for the state of Baden-Württemberg.
The focus of the studie are the impact of energy policy on value added and employment in Baden-Württemberg in the context of the specific structure of the country as well as its energy policy objectives. In particular opportunities and challenges for the economy and society for as many aspects of energy policy are to be presented jointly. This involves a description of the effects of energy policy both on the numerical amounts of value creation and employment (project module A) as well as on the quality of employment (project module B).